Rosaceae family.
There are more than 60 types of Rosehip in nature. Types of rosehip (Rose) family are divided into 8 groups or sections.
The richest in vitamin C is cinnamomea- rosehip, the rosehip of dog section or caninae contains fewer vitamin C. Cinnamon rosehip is a bush with reddish brown shiny branches, downward bent thorns, which are pair wise located in leafstalk. Leaf sprouts also have thin straight thorns. Plants leafs are complex odd pinnate, egg/spear shaped with sharp edges, fused with stalk. Usually 5 to 7 pair leaflets of oblong serrate shape grayish on the bottom. It has singular florets of dark red or pink color, with yellow stamens and pistils. Its pseucocarp, or so called false fruits are, berry like round, rarely oval orange-red colored, soft with sour-sweet taste. Calyx lobes that remain on the berries are typical for Rosehip Cinnamomea.Height of the plant 100-150 cm.Its name derives from ancient Persian "wrodon" which changed to Greek as "rhodon", which later became "rosa" in Latin.More than 200 types of Roses are originated from Rosehip, and it dates back almost 40 million years, considerable part of which it has been useful for human.
The main types of rosehip: Rosa canina - shrub with branches, Rosa echinated - shrub with thorns, Rosa dahurica - shrub with dark purple branches.
Blooming period: may-august.
Collection period: "fruits" and "seeds" collected in August-September, florets and leaves, at the time of flowering, roots in autumn-early spring.
Chemical composition. Fruits contain sugar (about 18%), pectin (3.7%), tannins (up to 4,5%), citric acid (about 2%), malic acid and other organic acids, vitamin C (an average of 2 -- 3%, or 2000-3000 mg%), carotene (12 - 18 mg%), vitamins Br (about 0,03 mg%), K (up to 40 biological units), P (citrine), and flavonol glycosides kaempferol and kvertsetin, lycopene and Ruby-xanthine pigments.
Usage:Rosehip is poly vitamin plant; its fruits outnumber other plants in containing variety of vitamins. Water tincture of the rosehip fruits increases body resistance during infections, reduces atherosclerosis development, has general health improving and toning effects. This tincture also increases the bile secretions, stimulates the function of sexual glands, weakens and stops bleeding, reduces the permeability and fragility of blood capillaries, as well as enhances the regenerative processes of soft and bone tissues and accelerates the healing of wounds, burns and frostbites. Fruit pulp has light aperient effect.
Externally rosehip root decoction is used for bathing during paralysis and weakness of legs. Dried rosehip fruit decoction used for bath in rheumatism.
In scientific medicine rosehip fruit tincture is widely used for avitaminosis and as general health improving, rising body resistibility in various infections, wounds and frostbites. Tincture is also used for atherosclerosis, hemophilia and uterine bleeding.
Rosehip fruits enter into the composition of poly vitamin collection. Cholosas is special syrup, which is made from rosehip fruits and extensively used for curing kidney ailments, gallbladder inflammation, and hepatitis. Fruits are used in confectionery. From the petals of rosehip is prepared rose water and liquor. Nice orange color can be taken from the fruits.
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